KB

Know your keyboard แป้นพิมพ์

One rule covers most of it: where Windows uses Ctrl, the Mac uses ⌘ Command. Ctrl+C becomes ⌘C, Ctrl+S becomes ⌘S, and so on.

Mac keyboard — bottom row

fn ⌃control ⌥option ⌘command ⌘command ⌥option

Windows keyboard — bottom row (on a Mac)

Ctrlacts as ⌃ ⊞acts as ⌘ Altacts as ⌥ Altacts as ⌥ ⊞acts as ⌘ Ctrlacts as ⌃

Same colour = same key. On a Windows keyboard, ⊞ Win is ⌘ and Alt is ⌥ — and they sit in swapped places compared with a real Mac keyboard, so ⌘ is the key next to Ctrl, not next to the space bar.

On Windows	On a Mac	Windows keyboard on a Mac — press
`Ctrl`	`⌘` Command ปุ่มคอมมานด์ The big one. Almost every Ctrl shortcut on Windows is a ⌘ shortcut on a Mac.	`⊞ Win`
`Alt`	`⌥` Option ปุ่มออปชัน Types special characters and unlocks extra menu items.	`Alt`
—	`⌃` Control ปุ่มคอนโทรล Used much less than on Windows. Control-click is a right-click.	`Ctrl`
`Shift`	`⇧` Shift ปุ่มชิฟต์ Same job as on Windows.	`Shift`
`Backspace`	`⌫` Delete ลบไปข้างหลัง The Mac "Delete" key deletes to the left, like Backspace.	`Backspace`
`Delete`	`fn ⌫` Forward delete ลบไปข้างหน้า Deletes to the right. A Windows keyboard still has its own Delete key.	`Delete`
`Enter`	`↩` Return ปุ่มรีเทิร์น Same job, different name.	`Enter`

SC

Everyday shortcuts คีย์ลัด

The right-hand column is what to press on a lab Mac with a Windows keyboard. Hold the first keys down, then tap the last one.

Editing

Task	Windows	Mac	Windows keyboard on a Mac
Copy คัดลอก	`CtrlC`	`⌘C`	`WinC`
Cut ตัด	`CtrlX`	`⌘X`	`WinX`
Paste วาง	`CtrlV`	`⌘V`	`WinV`
Undo เลิกทำ	`CtrlZ`	`⌘Z`	`WinZ`
Redo ทำซ้ำ Not ⌘Y.	`CtrlY`	`⌘ShiftZ`	`WinShiftZ`
Select all เลือกทั้งหมด	`CtrlA`	`⌘A`	`WinA`
Save บันทึก	`CtrlS`	`⌘S`	`WinS`
Find ค้นหา	`CtrlF`	`⌘F`	`WinF`
Print พิมพ์	`CtrlP`	`⌘P`	`WinP`
Bold / Italic / Underline ตัวหนา / เอียง / ขีดเส้นใต้ Also ⌘I and ⌘U.	`CtrlB`	`⌘B`	`WinB`

Apps & windows

Task	Windows	Mac	Windows keyboard on a Mac
Switch between apps สลับแอป	`AltTab`	`⌘Tab`	`WinTab`
Switch windows of the same app สลับหน้าต่างในแอปเดียวกัน ` is the key left of 1.	—	`⌘``	`Win``
Search the computer ค้นหาในเครื่อง Opens Spotlight — the fastest way to open any app.	`Win`	`⌘Space`	`WinSpace`
Close window / tab ปิดหน้าต่าง / แท็บ	`CtrlW`	`⌘W`	`WinW`
Quit the app ออกจากแอป Closing the last window does not quit the app on a Mac.	`AltF4`	`⌘Q`	`WinQ`
Minimise window ย่อหน้าต่าง	`Win↓`	`⌘M`	`WinM`
Hide the app ซ่อนแอป	—	`⌘H`	`WinH`
Open Settings of an app การตั้งค่าของแอป	—	`⌘,`	`Win,`
Force quit a frozen app บังคับออก Mac version of Task Manager's "End task".	`CtrlShiftEsc`	`⌘⌥Esc`	`WinAltEsc`
Lock the screen ล็อกหน้าจอ	`WinL`	`⌃⌘Q`	`CtrlWinQ`

Web browser

Task	Windows	Mac	Windows keyboard on a Mac
New tab แท็บใหม่	`CtrlT`	`⌘T`	`WinT`
Reopen closed tab เปิดแท็บที่ปิดไปอีกครั้ง	`CtrlShiftT`	`⌘ShiftT`	`WinShiftT`
Reload page โหลดหน้าใหม่	`F5`	`⌘R`	`WinR`
Address bar แถบที่อยู่ On a Mac, Win+L does not lock the screen.	`CtrlL`	`⌘L`	`WinL`
Zoom in / out ขยาย / ย่อ	`Ctrl= / −`	`⌘= / −`	`Win= / −`

Screenshots

Task	Windows	Mac	Windows keyboard on a Mac
Whole screen ทั้งหน้าจอ	`PrtScn`	`⌘Shift3`	`WinShift3`
Drag to choose an area เลือกบางส่วน	`WinShiftS`	`⌘Shift4`	`WinShift4`
One window หน้าต่างเดียว Press Space after ⌘⇧4, then click the window.	`AltPrtScn`	`⌘Shift4Space`	`WinShift4Space`
Screenshot & screen-record toolbar แถบเครื่องมือจับภาพ	`WinShiftS`	`⌘Shift5`	`WinShift5`

Screenshots are saved to the Desktop. Add ⌃ (Ctrl on a Windows keyboard) to any screenshot shortcut to copy it to the clipboard instead, ready to paste.

TX

Typing & Thai input การพิมพ์

Moving the cursor uses ⌘ for "all the way" and ⌥ for "one word" — the arrow keys do the rest.

Task	Windows	Mac	Windows keyboard on a Mac
Start / end of line ต้น / ท้ายบรรทัด Home and End on a Windows keyboard usually scroll the page instead.	`Home / End`	`⌘← / →`	`Win← / →`
Top / bottom of document ต้น / ท้ายเอกสาร	`CtrlHome / End`	`⌘↑ / ↓`	`Win↑ / ↓`
Jump one word ข้ามทีละคำ	`Ctrl← / →`	`⌥← / →`	`Alt← / →`
Delete the whole word ลบทั้งคำ	`CtrlBackspace`	`⌥⌫`	`AltBackspace`
Delete to start of line ลบถึงต้นบรรทัด	—	`⌘⌫`	`WinBackspace`
Emoji & symbols อีโมจิและสัญลักษณ์	`Win.`	`⌃⌘Space`	`CtrlWinSpace`

FN

Finder vs File Explorer การจัดการไฟล์

Finder is the Mac's File Explorer. Your work still goes in Desktop, Documents and Downloads — just a few habits change.

File Explorer

Finder ไฟน์เดอร์

The smiling face, always first in the Dock. Open a new window with ⌘N while Finder is active.

This PC / drives

Sidebar → Locations ตำแหน่งที่ตั้ง

USB drives also appear on the Desktop. Eject them (⏏ in the sidebar) before pulling them out.

Recycle Bin

Trash ถังขยะ

Right end of the Dock. Move a file there with ⌘⌫ (Windows keyboard: Win+Backspace).

Rename: F2

Rename: Return เปลี่ยนชื่อ

Select the file and press Return. Pressing Return does not open it.

Open: Enter

Open: ⌘O or ⌘↓ เปิด

Or double-click, as on Windows.

Properties

Get Info: ⌘I ดูข้อมูล

Shows size, location, and which app opens the file.

Preview pane

Quick Look: Space ดูตัวอย่างด่วน

Select a file, press Space to peek at it, Space again to close.

Cut & paste a file

⌘C, then ⌘⌥V ย้ายไฟล์

There is no "Cut" for files. Copy, then hold ⌥ while pasting to move instead.

Address bar path

Path bar แถบเส้นทาง

Finder menu View → Show Path Bar shows where a folder lives.

C:\Users\name

Home folder (⌘⇧H) โฟลเดอร์หลัก

Holds Desktop, Documents and Downloads.

DK

Dock, menu bar & windows หน้าจอหลัก

The biggest surprise for Windows users: closing a window doesn't quit the app. Look for the dot under the Dock icon, and use ⌘Q when you're done.

Taskbar

Dock ด็อก

A dot under an icon means the app is still running, even with no windows open.

Start menu

Spotlight / Launchpad สปอตไลท์

⌘Space and type the app name. Launchpad (the grid icon) lists every app.

Menus inside each window

Menu bar at the top แถบเมนู

The menus at the top of the screen belong to whichever app is in front. Its name is shown in bold next to the Apple logo.

✕ ▢ — on the right

● ● ● on the left ปุ่มหน้าต่าง

Red closes the window, yellow minimises, green goes full screen. Red does not quit the app.

Win+Tab (Task view)

Mission Control มิชชันคอนโทรล

F3, ⌃↑, or swipe up with three fingers to see every open window.

Shut down from Start

Apple menu → Shut Down ปิดเครื่อง

The Apple menu in the top-left corner also has Restart, Sleep and Log Out.

Settings / Control Panel

System Settings การตั้งค่าระบบ

In the Apple menu, or ⌘Space and type "settings".

TP

Trackpad & mouse แทร็กแพดและเมาส์

A Mac trackpad has no buttons to look for — the whole surface clicks, and the number of fingers decides what happens.

Right-click

Two-finger click, or Control-click คลิกขวา

A normal two-button mouse right-clicks as usual.

Scroll wheel down = page goes down

"Natural" scrolling การเลื่อน

On a trackpad, push the page with two fingers like a phone screen. It can be switched in System Settings → Trackpad / Mouse.

Drag with the left button held

Click, hold and move ลาก

Or press with one finger and drag with another.

Ctrl + scroll to zoom

Pinch with two fingers ซูม

Works in Safari, Chrome, Preview and Photos.

—

Swipe left / right with two fingers ย้อนกลับ / ไปข้างหน้า

Back and forward in a browser.

AP

App equivalents แอปที่ใช้แทนกัน

Can't find a Windows app? Here is what does the same job. Open any of them with ⌘Space and the first few letters of its name.

Notepad

TextEdit

Save as plain text with Format → Make Plain Text (⌘⇧T).

Paint / Photos

Preview

Opens images and PDFs. Crop, resize and annotate with the Markup toolbar.

Snipping Tool

Screenshot (⌘⇧5)

Shots save to the Desktop by default.

Task Manager

Activity Monitor

Find it with ⌘Space. For a single frozen app, ⌘⌥Esc is faster.

Edge

Safari

Chrome works the same on both — sign in and your bookmarks follow you.

Word / Excel / PowerPoint

Same apps, or Pages / Numbers / Keynote

Microsoft Office for Mac uses the same files. Use ⌘ wherever you used Ctrl.

QR

Cheat sheet สรุปคีย์ลัด

The twelve you'll use every lesson. Print this section (⌘P) and keep it by the keyboard.

Copy ⌘C WinC

Paste ⌘V WinV

Undo ⌘Z WinZ

Save ⌘S WinS

Find ⌘F WinF

Search / open app ⌘Space WinSpace

Switch app ⌘Tab WinTab

Close window ⌘W WinW

Quit app ⌘Q WinQ

Screenshot area ⌘Shift4 WinShift4

Force quit ⌘⌥Esc WinAltEsc

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